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E7 G - Who, which and that – Zusatzinformationen verstehen

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E7 G - Who, which and that – Zusatzinformationen verstehen

Mini-Beschreibung: Verstehe und bilde einfache defining relative clauses mit who, which und that. Du beschreibst damit Personen und Dinge genauer.

Zielgruppe: Englisch als erste Fremdsprache, Klasse 7, Baden-Württemberg, G-Niveau.

Lernweg: Notice → understand → try → use → communicate → feedback → improve → use again.

Einleitung

Look at these two sentences:

This is Mia. Mia plays basketball.

Can you make one sentence?

This is Mia who plays basketball.

Now look at a thing:

This is the book. The book is on my desk.

This is the book which is on my desk.

You can also say:

This is the book that is on my desk.

You already see the main idea: who is for people. which is for things. that can be used for people or things in simple defining relative clauses.

Need help? Auf Deutsch: Ein defining relative clause gibt wichtige Information. Er zeigt, welche Person oder welches Ding gemeint ist.

Medien-Einstieg: Notice

Say one sentence for one picture:

A student is a person who learns at school.

Try again with another noun:

A teacher is a person who helps students learn.

Now watch only the first part of the video. First try: no subtitles. Second try: use subtitles if you need them.

Viewing task: Listen for who, which and that. Do not try to understand every word.

Hint: Put up one finger when you hear who. Put up two fingers when you hear which or that.

German help if needed: Achte nur auf die drei Signalwörter. Der Rest darf noch schwierig sein.

I can – Deine Ziele

Relative pronouns: I can choose who, which or that in easy sentences.
Relative clause: I can understand which person or thing a short relative clause describes.
Speaking: I can describe a person or thing with one connected sentence.
Writing: I can join two short sentences.
Listening: I can notice who, which and that in slow or moderate speech.

Vorwissen

You need only a few things from earlier lessons:

Noun: person, friend, teacher, book, phone, bike.
Verb: is, has, likes, plays, helps, works.
Simple sentence: subject + verb + more information.

Try:

The girl plays football.

What is the noun? → girl

What is the verb? → plays

Notice: Was ist neu?

Compare:

The boy is my friend. He wears a blue cap.

Now join the ideas:

The boy who wears a blue cap is my friend.

The words who wears a blue cap give important information about the boy.

Compare:

The bike is new. It is in the garage.

The bike which is in the garage is new.

The words which is in the garage tell you which bike we mean.

Try with the picture:

The laptop that is on the table is mine.

Understand: who, which, that

Word	Use	Easy model
who	people	The girl who sings is Eva.
which	things	The book which is blue is mine.
that	people or things	The dog that runs fast is Ben's.

Important for this course: We use simple defining relative clauses. The information is needed to identify the person or thing.

Pattern:

noun + who/which/that + verb + ...

Examples:

the boy + who + plays tennis

the phone + which + is new

the bike + that + has a red light

No comma in these simple defining relative clauses.

Not today: whose, whom, object relative clauses, leaving out the relative pronoun, non-defining relative clauses. Keep it simple.

Try: People or things?

Say the best word first.

person → who

thing → which

person or thing → that

Now finish:

A doctor is a person ___ helps people.

Hint 1: person.

Hint 2: w...

Answer: who

Hint 1: thing.

Hint 2: wh...

Answer: which

For this course, use a simple model with the relative pronoun as the subject instead:

This is the song that sounds great.

Functional grammar: Join two sentences

You do not need a long rule. Use this three-step method:

Find the repeated person or thing.
Keep the noun in the first sentence.
Add who, which or that and the second idea.

Example:

Lena is the girl. Lena helps me with maths.

Step 1: repeated person = Lena.

Step 2: keep the girl.

Step 3:

Lena is the girl who helps me with maths.

Example with a thing:

This is the app. The app helps me learn words.

This is the app that helps me learn words.

Listening and Viewing

First listening/viewing: Watch a short part. Do not read a transcript first.

Watch from the beginning to about 2:30. Focus only on examples with who, which and that.

Task A: Which word do you hear for people?

Task B: Which word do you hear for things?

Task C: Which word can work for both in simple defining relative clauses?

After your first try, use subtitles if needed.

German help if needed: Hör zuerst auf Schlüsselwörter. Erst danach helfen Untertitel.

Mini listening with delayed transcript

Ask a partner or teacher to read the three lines once. Keep this transcript closed while you listen.

Transcript – erst nach dem Hörversuch öffnen

A: Who is Sam?

B: Sam is the boy who sits near the window.

A: What is that?

B: It is the game that helps us learn new words.

Check: Who is Sam? What does the game do?

Reading

Read the short text.

Our school club

Maya is a student who likes photos. Leo is a student who likes music. They use a camera that is easy to carry. They also use a laptop which has a big screen. The club makes short videos that show school projects.

Answer in short English:

Who likes photos?
Who likes music?
Which thing is easy to carry?
Which thing has a big screen?
What do the videos show?

Hint: Find the noun first. Then read the relative clause after it.

German help if needed: Suche zuerst Person oder Ding. Lies dann nur den Teil mit who, which oder that.

Wortschatz im Kontext

Use a small word bank.

Word	Easy meaning in context
person	a human being
thing	an object or idea
describe	say more about someone or something
carry	take something with you
screen	the part of a phone or laptop you look at
club	a group with the same interest

Use the chunks:

a person who ...

a thing which ...

something that ...

someone who ...

Aussprache

Say the three words slowly:

who – /huː/

which – /wɪtʃ/

that – /ðæt/

Notice:

who starts with an /h/ sound. The written w is not heard.

which ends with the sound /tʃ/, like the end of watch.

that starts with voiced th. Put the tongue lightly between the teeth and let your voice vibrate.

Goal: Be easy to understand. You do not need a perfect accent.

Speaking: Use the pattern

Work with a partner.

Choose one person and one thing from your classroom or from a picture.

Use these starters:

This is a person who ...

This is something which ...

I know a person that ...

This is a thing that ...

Example:

This is a person who helps me in English.

This is a thing that keeps my pens together.

Your partner guesses.

Feedback: Your partner checks only two things:

Is the relative word right?
Is the sentence easy to understand?

Writing: Two sentences become one

Use this writing frame:

This is ________.

It/He/She ________.

Now join:

This is ________ who/which/that ________.

Example:

This is Noor. She plays the guitar.

This is Noor who plays the guitar.

Example:

This is my bike. It has a small basket.

This is my bike that has a small basket.

Write three joined sentences.

Word bank: friend, teacher, dog, book, bike, phone, game, song, helps, likes, has, is, makes.

Mediation mini

Your German-speaking classmate asks:

What does “the girl who plays tennis” mean?

Do not translate every word. Explain the idea briefly in German:

Es geht um das Mädchen, das Tennis spielt.

Then go back to English:

The girl who plays tennis is Mia.

Feedback and improve

Check your sentence.

My sentence: __________________________________

Checklist:

I describe a person or thing.
I use who for a person, or which for a thing.
I can use that for a person or thing in this simple pattern.
I put the verb after the relative word.
I do not use a comma in this defining relative clause.
My sentence is easy to understand.

Improve one sentence and use it again in a new context.

Example 1:

The boy who runs fast is Amir.

New context:

I know a boy who runs fast.

Safe use of media and AI

Use only fictional profiles in this course. Do not copy private social-media data.

Recordings are voluntary. Keep them private unless your school gives a clear task and permission. No unasked uploads.

If you use AI for feedback, check that the language is still suitable for your level. AI can help you notice a mistake, but it should not replace your own text. Do not send personal data to external AI tools.

Mini-Transfer

Look around you. Choose:

one person
one thing

Make two sentences:

I can see a person who ...

I can see a thing that ...

Then change one detail and say the sentence again.

Self-Check: Can do

Choose: yes, almost or not yet.

I can ...	yes	almost	not yet
choose who for people	□	□	□
choose which for things	□	□	□
use that in a simple defining relative clause	□	□	□
understand a short sentence with a relative clause	□	□	□
join two short ideas	□	□	□

If you choose not yet, go back to Understand and Try. Then make one new sentence.

Folgekurs

Next step: E7 M - Relative clauses erweitern.

There you can meet more patterns. In this G-course, stay with short defining relative clauses using who, which and that.

Interaktive Aufgaben

Quiz: Teste Dein Wissen

Which word is best for a person? (who) (!which) (!where) (!when)

Which word is best for a thing? (which) (!who) (!whose) (!when)

Which word can describe a person or a thing in a simple defining relative clause? (that) (!when) (!where) (!why)

Complete: The girl ___ plays basketball is Mia. (who) (!which) (!where) (!when)

Complete: The bike ___ is in the garage is new. (which) (!who) (!whose) (!when)

Which sentence is correct? (The boy who wears a cap is my friend.) (!The boy which wears a cap is my friend.) (!The boy who wear a cap is my friend.) (!The boy, who wears a cap is my friend.)

Which sentence is a simple defining relative clause? (The phone that has a blue case is mine.) (!The phone blue case mine.) (!That phone has who a blue case.) (!The phone which blue case is mine.)

What comes directly after the noun in the pattern noun + relative word + verb? (who which or that) (!a full stop) (!a question word only) (!a German translation)

Complete: A teacher is a person ___ helps students learn. (who) (!which) (!when) (!where)

Do we normally use a comma in the simple defining relative clauses in this course? (No) (!Yes always) (!Only before who) (!Only before which)

Memory

who	for people
which	for things
that	for people or things
defining relative clause	needed information
noun	person or thing word
verb	action or state word

Drag and Drop

Ordne die richtigen Begriffe zu.	Thema
who helps me	the friend
which has a big screen	the laptop
that runs fast	the dog
who teaches English	the teacher
that is on my desk	the book

Kreuzworträtsel

People	Für wen benutzt Du who?
Things	Wofür benutzt Du which?
Clause	Wie heißt ein Satzteil mit eigener Verbgruppe auf Englisch?
Pronoun	Was ist who which oder that grammatisch?
Comma	Welches Satzzeichen benutzt Du hier normalerweise nicht?
Sentence	Was entsteht wenn Du zwei Ideen verbindest?

LearningApps

Lückentext

Offene Aufgaben

Leicht

Who-Satz: Schreibe zwei Sätze über fiktive Personen. Verbinde sie jeweils mit who.
Which-Satz: Suche zwei Gegenstände im Klassenraum und bilde je einen Satz mit which.
That-Satz: Bilde zwei kurze Sätze mit that über Dinge oder fiktive Personen.
Bildbeschreibung: Nutze ein frei lizenziertes Bild und schreibe zwei einfache defining relative clauses dazu.

Standard

Guessing game: Beschreibe drei Personen oder Dinge, ohne ihren Namen zu nennen. Nutze who, which oder that. Ein Partner rät.
Mini-Dialog: Schreibe einen Dialog mit vier kurzen Sprechzeilen und mindestens zwei relative clauses.
Schulclub: Erfinde einen fiktiven Schulclub. Beschreibe zwei Mitglieder und zwei Gegenstände mit relative clauses.
Fehlerdetektiv: Erfinde vier falsche Beispielsätze. Tausche sie mit einem Partner und verbessert sie gemeinsam.

Schwer

Mini-Poster: Gestalte ein Poster mit vier Bildern und vier passenden defining relative clauses. Verwende nur freie oder eigene Bilder.
Audio-Projekt: Nimm freiwillig und privat eine 30- bis 45-sekündige Beschreibung auf. Nutze mindestens drei relative clauses. Kein Upload ist nötig.
Mediation: Erkläre einer deutschsprachigen Person in eigenen Worten, was drei kurze englische relative clauses bedeuten. Übersetze nicht Wort für Wort.
Überarbeiten: Schreibe einen kurzen Text mit fünf verbundenen Sätzen. Lass Dir nur Hinweise geben, verbessere den Text selbst und markiere Deine Änderungen.

Lernkontrolle

Person oder Ding erkennen: Erkläre, wie Du entscheidest, ob who oder which passt. Gib zwei eigene Beispiele.
Sätze verbinden: Verbinde drei Satzpaare. Erkläre bei einem Beispiel, warum Du genau dieses Relativpronomen gewählt hast.
Bedeutung vergleichen: Vergleiche „The boy is my friend. He plays tennis.“ mit „The boy who plays tennis is my friend.“ Welche Information wird im zweiten Satz direkt verbunden?
Fehler verbessern: Verbessere „The phone who is on the desk is mine.“ und erkläre Deinen Schritt.
Transfer: Beschreibe eine neue Person und einen neuen Gegenstand aus einer unbekannten Situation mit je einem defining relative clause.

Lernnachweis

Für einen Lernnachweis ist wichtig:

Du erkennst, ob eine Person oder ein Ding beschrieben wird.
Du verwendest who passend für Personen.
Du verwendest which passend für Dinge.
Du kannst that in einfachen defining relative clauses verwenden.
Du verbindest zwei kurze Informationen zu einem verständlichen Satz.
Du verstehst die wichtige Zusatzinformation eines kurzen relative clause.
Du sprichst verständlich; Akzentfreiheit ist kein Ziel.
Du überarbeitest eigene Sätze nach Feedback selbstständig.

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