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E10 E - Integrate reported information into source-based writing

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E10 E - Integrate reported information into source-based writing

Mini-Beschreibung: Integriere Aussagen aus kurzen Interviews beziehungsweise Quellen in einen eigenen englischen Text. Unterscheide paraphrase, reported speech und direct quotation. Prüfe dabei Quelle, Perspektive und Aussageabsicht.

Zielgruppe: Klasse 10, Englisch als erste Fremdsprache, Baden-Württemberg, E-Niveau. Du arbeitest weitgehend selbstständig mit kurzen authentischen Medien und kompakten fiktiven Übungsquellen.

Learning route: English first → understand → respond → analyse → communicate → feedback → revise → transfer.

Einleitung

When you write from sources, your job is not to copy. Your job is to select, understand, report and connect information so that readers can see which ideas come from a source and which ideas are yours.

In this course, you will work with short interviews, video input and brief written sources. You will learn three core techniques:

Direct quotation: use the exact words of a source.
Reported speech: report what somebody said, often with a reporting verb and grammatical changes.
Paraphrase: express the source idea accurately in your own words.

The aim is a coherent, precise text — not difficult vocabulary for its own sake.

Media starter

Look at the interview image above. Answer in English:

What information could a journalist take from this interview?
Which words might be worth quoting exactly?
What would you need to check before using the statement in your own text?

I-can goals

By the end of the course, you can say:

I can identify the main claim and relevant detail in a short source.
I can distinguish a paraphrase, reported speech and a direct quotation.
I can integrate information from more than one source into one coherent paragraph.
I can use reporting verbs and reported speech accurately enough to preserve meaning.
I can compare perspectives and comment on source reliability.
I can revise my own text after feedback without losing my own voice.

Vorwissen aktivieren

Read the three versions.

Original: “Later opening could help students, but we would need enough staff.”

A: The library assistant said that later opening could help students, but that the school would need enough staff.

B: According to the library assistant, longer opening hours may be useful, but staffing is a practical limit.

C: The assistant said: “Later opening could help students, but we would need enough staff.”

Decide: Which is reported speech, which is a paraphrase, and which is a direct quotation?

Listening and Viewing

Watch for gist first. On the second viewing, focus on grammar and examples.

Task:

First viewing: Write one sentence explaining the main purpose of reported speech.
Second viewing: Note two changes that can happen when direct speech becomes reported speech.
Third step: Create one new example of your own.

Do not translate the whole video. Work from meaning.

Reading: Short source pack

The practice profiles below are fictional. They are short enough for E10-E source work but contain different perspectives.

Source A: fictional student interview

Mia, Year 10 student: “I would use the library after sports practice, but only if buses still run. A quiet place would help me finish group work before going home.”

Source B: fictional library staff interview

Mr Clarke, library assistant: “Later opening could help students, but we would need enough staff. A trial period would show whether the extra hours are actually used.”

Source C: fictional school notice

School notice: The school is considering a four-week trial with one late library evening per week. No final decision has been made.

Reading task:

Identify one claim from each source.
Mark one limitation or condition in Source A and Source B.
Compare the perspectives: What do they agree on, and where do their priorities differ?
Decide which source is best for a direct quotation and explain why.

Core skill: Three ways to use a source

Technique	What you do	Example
Direct quotation	Keep the exact wording and mark it clearly.	Mia says that “a quiet place would help me finish group work”.
Reported speech	Report the statement with a reporting verb and adjust grammar where needed.	Mia said that a quiet place would help her finish group work.
Paraphrase	Restate the idea in your own wording while keeping the meaning and source visible.	According to Mia, access to a quiet study space could make after-school group work easier.

A paraphrase is not just a synonym swap. You must change the wording and sentence structure while preserving the original meaning.

Functional grammar: Reported speech

Use grammar to keep the source meaning accurate.

Common pattern: reporting verb + that-clause

Direct: “I need more time.”

Reported: She said that she needed more time.

After a past reporting verb, backshift is common:

Direct form	Common reported form
present	past
present perfect	past perfect
will	would
can	could

Also check pronouns, time references and the speaker’s point of view.

Direct question: “Do buses still run?”

Reported question: Mia asked whether the buses still ran.

Direct request: “Please keep the library open.”

Reported request: She asked the school to keep the library open.

Backshift is a tool, not a mechanical game. The final sentence must still represent the original meaning accurately.

Kontextwortschatz

Use these words actively:

Word or phrase	Useful meaning
source	where information comes from
claim	a statement that can be checked or discussed
evidence	information that supports a claim
according to	source signal
point out	draw attention to an important point
explain	make a reason or process clear
argue	present a reasoned position
reliable	dependable after checking
context	the situation around a statement
bias	a perspective that may shape presentation

Aussprache und Verständlichkeit

Focus on clear stress and phrasing, not accent imitation.

rePORTed speech
PARaphrase
quoTAtion
reLIable
Evidence

When speaking, pause briefly before an important quoted or reported point. Make the source signal easy to hear.

Speaking

Work with a partner.

Student A summarises Source A in 30 seconds. Student B summarises Source B in 30 seconds. Then compare:

Which information did both speakers select?
Which information was left out?
Did either summary change the meaning?
Which reporting verbs fit the speaker’s purpose?

Optional recordings must remain voluntary and private. Do not upload recordings unless this has been explicitly agreed in your learning setting.

Writing workshop

Task: Write a source-based mini article of about 150–180 words answering:

Should the school test one late library evening per week?

Use all three sources and include:

one paraphrase
one example of reported speech
one short direct quotation
one comparison of perspectives
one concluding sentence that is clearly your own

A useful structure is:

Part	Function
Opening	introduce the issue
Evidence	integrate information from the sources
Comparison	show agreement, difference or limitation
Conclusion	give a reasoned final observation

Keep source information and your own judgement clearly distinguishable.

Mediation

Situation: A visiting English-speaking student wants to know what the German school office has announced.

Fictional German note: „Die Bibliothek kann dienstags probeweise bis 18 Uhr geöffnet werden. Voraussetzung sind genügend Aufsichtspersonen und eine ausreichende Nutzung durch Schülerinnen und Schüler. Nach vier Wochen wird entschieden, ob das Angebot fortgesetzt wird.“

Write an English message of 60–80 words for the visiting student. Transfer only the information that matters for this purpose. Do not translate sentence by sentence.

Source criticism

A source-based text is only as strong as the way you handle its sources.

Before using a claim, ask:

Who is speaking or publishing?
What is the purpose?
What evidence or context is available?
What may be missing?
Does another source confirm, limit or challenge the point?

For extended source evaluation:

A polished source is not automatically a reliable source. Check claims before repeating them.

Media analysis

Compare a written interview with a video interview.

Ask how voice, editing, camera angle, music, facial expression or selection of clips can influence how a statement is understood.

Your analysis should refer to observable features, not guesses about a speaker’s personality.

Feedback and revision

Use this peer-feedback routine:

Meaning: Is every source represented accurately?
Source signal: Can the reader see where information comes from?
Technique: Are quotation, reported speech and paraphrase used correctly?
Coherence: Do the sentences connect logically?
Language: Are reporting verbs, pronouns and tenses clear?
Own voice: Does the writer still sound like the writer?

Then revise your text yourself.

Error analysis

Find and repair the problem.

1. Mia said, “that the library was useful.”

2. According to Mia said that the library helped her.

3. Mr Clarke said that we would need enough staff.

4. The school notice proves that the trial will succeed.

For each sentence, identify whether the problem concerns quotation form, source signal, perspective or overclaiming.

Responsible use of digital tools and AI

Digital tools may help you check spelling, grammar or source information, but:

Keep your own draft and your own decisions.
Check AI-generated claims and references against the original source.
Do not send personal interviews, private recordings or identifiable data to external AI services without explicit permission.
Do not let a tool silently replace your text with a completely new version.
Prefer understandable, accurate English to artificial complexity.

Transfer

New question:

Should a school create a phone-free study room?

Find or receive two short sources with different perspectives. Write a 160-word text that integrates both sources. Use at least two of the three techniques from this course and explain why you selected them.

Can-do check

Rate yourself after the revision:

I can select relevant information without copying everything.
I can keep the source visible when I paraphrase.
I can form reported statements, questions and requests.
I can quote briefly and accurately.
I can compare two perspectives with evidence.
I can check whether a source is suitable before using it.
I can revise my text after feedback.

If two or more points are still uncertain, repeat the matching section before moving on.

Folgekurs

Continue with:

E10 E - Compare source reliability and perspective

The next step is to compare sources more systematically, evaluate reliability and build a stronger evidence-based discussion.

Planbezug Baden-Württemberg

Der Kurs orientiert sich an den Kompetenzbereichen der Klasse 10 im Fach Englisch als erste Fremdsprache auf E-Niveau: Hör-/Hörsehverstehen, Schreiben, Sprachmittlung sowie Text- und Medienkompetenz. Besonders wichtig sind das Erfassen auch impliziter Informationen, das Verarbeiten von Interviews und anderen Quellen, kohärentes Schreiben sowie die Nutzung von Ergebnissen aus der Textanalyse für die eigene Textproduktion.

Bildungsplan: Hör-/Hörsehverstehen

Bildungsplan: Schreiben

Bildungsplan: Sprachmittlung

Bildungsplan: Text- und Medienkompetenz

Interaktive Aufgaben

Quiz: Teste Dein Wissen

What is a direct quotation? (The exact words from a source marked as a quotation) (!A summary without a source) (!A translation of the whole source) (!A personal opinion about the source)

What is the main aim of a paraphrase? (To express the source idea accurately in your own wording) (!To copy the original sentence with two changed words) (!To remove the source completely) (!To add information that was not in the source)

Which structure is typical for reported speech? (A reporting verb followed by a reported clause) (!A headline followed by a question mark) (!A quotation with no speaker) (!A list of unrelated keywords)

Why is a source signal such as according to useful? (It shows where information comes from) (!It makes every claim automatically true) (!It replaces the need to understand the source) (!It turns an opinion into evidence)

What is backshift in reported speech? (A common shift of tense after a past reporting verb) (!A way to move a quotation to the previous paragraph) (!A method for translating every word) (!A rule for deleting reporting verbs)

When should you use a direct quotation? (When the exact wording is important) (!Whenever you want to avoid understanding the source) (!When you do not know who the speaker is) (!For every sentence in a source-based text)

What should you check before repeating a source claim? (The source, purpose, context and available evidence) (!Only the length of the source) (!Only whether the source has an image) (!Only whether you agree with the claim)

What is good mediation? (Selecting and transferring relevant meaning for a specific audience) (!Translating every sentence word for word) (!Adding details that the source did not contain) (!Ignoring the needs of the audience)

What is a useful first step when revising a source-based paragraph? (Check whether the source meaning is represented accurately) (!Replace every common word with a rare word) (!Delete all source signals) (!Turn every paraphrase into a quotation)

What makes a source-based paragraph coherent? (Connected ideas with clear source signals and logical links) (!Several quotations with no explanation) (!Long sentences with difficult vocabulary) (!A new topic in every sentence)

Memory

Direct quotation	Exact wording
Paraphrase	Own wording with the same core meaning
Reported speech	Reporting another person's statement grammatically
Reporting verb	Signals how a statement is introduced
Evidence	Supports a claim
Context	Situation around a statement

Drag and Drop

Ordne die richtigen Begriffe zu.	Thema
Exact wording	Direct quotation
Own wording, same core meaning	Paraphrase
Said that	Reported speech
According to	Source signal
Check author and purpose	Source criticism

Kreuzworträtsel

Quotation	Which technique keeps the exact words of a source?
Paraphrase	Which technique restates a source idea in your own words?
Backshift	What is the common tense change in reported speech called?
Evidence	What supports a claim?
Context	What surrounding situation helps you interpret a statement?
Source	Where does reported information come from?

LearningApps

Lückentext

Offene Aufgaben

Leicht

Quote hunt: Choose one sentence from the fictional source pack that is worth quoting exactly and explain your choice in two English sentences.
Paraphrase ladder: Write two different paraphrases of the same source sentence and compare which is clearer.
Reporting verbs: Sort the verbs say, explain, point out, argue and warn by the kind of relationship they create between writer and source.
Source snapshot: Write a four-line source note containing speaker, purpose, main claim and one limitation.

Standard

Mini interview: Conduct a short fictional role interview in pairs and turn three answers into source-based sentences. Any recording is voluntary and remains private.
Mini article: Write a 150–180 word article using the three fictional library sources.
Mediation card: Turn the fictional German library note into a 60–80 word English message for an exchange student.
Feedback exchange: Give a partner two precise comments on source accuracy and one suggestion for coherence, then revise your own text.

Schwer

Perspective comparison: Compare Source A and Source B and explain how role, priorities and context shape what each speaker emphasises.
Media comparison: Compare how one spoken interview and one written source present information. Refer to observable media features.
Source audit: Take two short public sources on the same non-sensitive school topic and evaluate author, purpose, evidence, date and limitations.
Transfer article: Write a new 180-word source-based text on a different school-life issue and justify your choice of quotation, reported speech and paraphrase.

Lernkontrolle

Source integration: You receive two short statements that partly disagree. Write one paragraph that represents both accurately and makes the difference clear without deciding for the reader.
Meaning control: Compare an original statement with two paraphrases and explain which version preserves the meaning more precisely.
Grammar in context: Transform a short interview answer into reported speech and explain every change that was necessary for pronouns, tense or time reference.
Source judgement: Compare two sources with different purposes and identify what additional information you would need before using either as evidence.
Revision task: Improve a weak source-based paragraph by correcting source signals, overclaiming and coherence while keeping as much of the original student text as possible.
Purpose-based mediation: Select only the information a named audience needs from a short bilingual situation and explain what you deliberately left out.

Lernnachweis

Für einen Lernnachweis zu diesem Thema ist wichtig:

Du kannst relevante Informationen aus kurzen schriftlichen und gesprochenen Quellen auswählen.
Du unterscheidest sicher zwischen direct quotation, reported speech und paraphrase.
Du kennzeichnest Quellen transparent und gibst Aussagen bedeutungstreu wieder.
Du vergleichst mindestens zwei Perspektiven und belegst deine Aussagen am Material.
Du schreibst einen kohärenten, adressatengerechten Text mit nachvollziehbarer Struktur.
Du nutzt reported speech funktional und weitgehend korrekt.
Du prüfst Quelle, Zweck, Kontext und Grenzen einer Aussage.
Du überarbeitest deinen eigenen Text nach Feedback, ohne deine eigene Schreibstimme aufzugeben.
Du kannst bei einer Mediation Informationen nach Zweck und Adressat auswählen, statt vollständig zu übersetzen.