Idioms and proverbs

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A

A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush: Better to have a lesser but certain advantage than the possibility of a greater one that may come to nothing. A blessing in disguise: A misfortune that eventually results in something good. A dime a dozen: Something very common and not of much value. A drop in the bucket: A very small part of something big or whole. A penny for your thoughts: A way of asking what someone is thinking. A picture is worth a thousand words: A complex idea can be conveyed with just a single still image. A piece of cake: Something that is easy to do. A rolling stone gathers no moss: A person who doesn't settle in one place is unlikely to accumulate wealth or status. Actions speak louder than words: What someone actually does is more significant than what they say they will do. Add insult to injury: To make a bad situation worse. Against the clock: Rushed and short on time. All bark and no bite: When someone is threatening and/or noisy but not willing to engage in a fight. All ears: Fully listening. All roads lead to Rome: Different paths can take one to the same goal. An apple a day keeps the doctor away: Eating healthy food keeps you healthy. An arm and a leg: Very expensive or costly. An axe to grind: A personal stake in an issue. As cool as a cucumber: To remain calm under pressure. As easy as pie: Very easy. At the drop of a hat: Without any hesitation; instantly.

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B

Back to square one: Having to start all over again. Back to the drawing board: When an attempt fails and it's time to start all over. Barking up the wrong tree: To be mistaken or misguided. Beating around the bush: Avoiding the main topic. Beggars can't be choosers: When the choices are limited, one must accept what is offered even if it is not ideal. Better late than never: It’s better to do something late than not do it at all. Between a rock and a hard place: Stuck between two very bad options. Bite off more than you can chew: To take on a task that is way too big. Bite the bullet: To get something over with because it is inevitable. Bite the hand that feeds you: To hurt someone who’s helping you. Break the ice: To initiate a social interaction. Burn the midnight oil: To work late into the night. Burning bridges: Destroying one's path, connections, reputation, opportunities, etc. Burst your bubble: To destroy someone's illusion or delusion; to destroy the basis of someone's belief. Bury the hatchet: To make peace. Busy as a bee: Very busy and industrious. By hook or by crook: By any means necessary - ethical or not. By the book: Doing things according to the rules or the law. By the seat of your pants: To do something by instinct without proper planning or measuring. By the skin of your teeth: Just barely making it.

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C

Call it a day: To stop working on something. Catch someone red-handed: To catch someone in the act of doing something wrong. Caught between two stools: When someone finds it difficult to choose between two alternatives. Chew the fat: To chat in a leisurely way; gossip. Chip on your shoulder: Being upset for something that happened in the past. Clam up: To become silent; to stop talking. Clear the air: To remove the tension. Clip someone's wings: To limit someone's freedom. Close but no cigar: To almost achieve success, but ultimately fail. Cold feet: To hesitate because of fear or uncertainty. Cold turkey: To abruptly stop a habit or addiction without gradual reduction. Come hell or high water: No matter what happens or how difficult it becomes. Cost an arm and a leg: Something that is very expensive. Cross that bridge when you come to it: Deal with a problem if and when it becomes necessary, not before. Cry over spilt milk: To be upset about something that cannot be undone. Cry wolf: To give a false alarm; to warn of a danger that is not there. Curiosity killed the cat: Being inquisitive can lead you into a dangerous situation. Cut corners: To do something badly or cheaply. Cut the mustard: To succeed; to come up to expectations. Cut to the chase: To get to the point without wasting time.

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D

Dead as a doornail: Completely dead or unusable. Devil's advocate: To present a counter argument. Dime a dozen: Common and easy to get. Dodge a bullet: To narrowly avoid something particularly bad or problematic. Dog days: The hottest period of the year. Don't count your chickens before they hatch: Don't make plans based on future events that might not happen. Don't judge a book by its cover: Not to judge something based on its outward appearance. Don't put all your eggs in one basket: Don't risk everything on the success of one venture. Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater: Don't get rid of valuable things along with the unnecessary ones. Don’t bite the hand that feeds you: Don’t hurt anyone that helps you. Double-edged sword: A situation or decision that has both positive and negative consequences. Down to the wire: Something that ends at the last minute or last few seconds. Drag your feet: To delay or avoid doing something. Draw the line: To set a limit; to define a boundary. Dressed to the nines: Wearing very fancy or stylish clothes. Drive someone up the wall: To greatly irritate or annoy someone. Drop in the ocean: A very small amount compared to the amount needed. Dry spell: A period of inactivity or drought. Dutch courage: Confidence gained from consuming alcohol. Dying to try: Extremely eager to experience something.

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E

Early bird catches the worm: The person who takes the earliest opportunity will gain the advantage. Easier said than done: Something that is easy to say but harder to do. Easier to ask forgiveness than permission: A phrase encouraging risky behavior that would likely be disapproved. Eat humble pie: To apologize and face humiliation for a serious error. Eat one's words: To take back what one has said. Eating crow: Admitting fault after being proven wrong, often in a humiliating way. Egg on your face: To look foolish or be embarrassed. Elbow grease: Hard physical effort. Elephant in the room: A big issue, problem, or controversy that is obvious or well-known but goes unaddressed. Empty vessels make the most noise: Those with the least talent and knowledge usually speak the most, speak the loudest, and create the most fuss. Enter the lion's den: To enter a situation or place that is potentially dangerous or hostile. Even the score: To retaliate or make things fair after an earlier dispute. Every cloud has a silver lining: Be optimistic, even difficult times will lead to better days. Every dog has its day: Everyone gets a chance to succeed. Every man for himself: The idea that everyone should look after their own interests, often in a chaotic or crisis situation. Every nook and cranny: Every part of a place thoroughly. Everything but the kitchen sink: Almost everything and anything has been included. Everything's coming up roses: Everything is going well; life is good. Excuse my French: An apology for using profane language. Eye for an eye: A form of retributive justice.

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F

Face the music: To confront the consequences of one's actions. Fair-weather friend: A person who is only a friend in good times. Fall on your sword: To accept blame; to sacrifice oneself. Familiarity breeds contempt: The more you know something or someone, the more likely you are to find faults and grow tired of it. Feast or famine: An all-or-nothing situation. Fight tooth and nail: To fight fiercely. Find your feet: To become comfortable in what you are doing. Fit as a fiddle: In good physical health. Flash in the pan: Something that shows potential or looks promising in the beginning but fails to deliver anything in the end. Flat as a pancake: Completely flat. Flog a dead horse: To continue to make an issue of something that is over. Fly by the seat of your pants: To do something instinctively or without careful thought. Fly off the handle: To suddenly become extremely angry without a good reason. Foam at the mouth: To be extremely angry. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread: Foolish people are often reckless, attempting things that the wise avoid. For crying out loud: An expression of frustration or annoyance. For the birds: Worthless or meaningless. Forbidden fruit: Something that is forbidden or dangerous, which makes it desirable. Forewarned is forearmed: Being informed about possible problems gives one a tactical advantage. Full steam ahead: Proceed with as much speed or energy as possible.

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G

Get a taste of your own medicine: To experience the unpleasantness that you have inflicted on others. Give someone the cold shoulder: To intentionally ignore someone or treat them unfriendly. Go against the grain: To go against the conventional rules or standards. Go back to the drawing board: To start over and go back to the planning stage. Go down in flames: To fail spectacularly. Go for broke: To risk everything in one big effort. Go off half-cocked: To act too hastily or without due consideration. Go out on a limb: To put oneself in a risky situation. Go the extra mile: To do more than what is expected. Go the whole nine yards: To do something completely or thoroughly. Golden handshake: A large payment to someone on their retirement. Good things come to those who wait: Being patient often results in rewards. Grasp the nettle: To tackle a difficult problem bravely. Grease someone's palm: To bribe someone. Great minds think alike: Intelligent people think like each other. Green with envy: Very jealous. Grin and bear it: Accept a difficult situation without complaining. Grow a backbone: To start standing up for oneself. Guilty as charged: Fully responsible for doing something bad. Gut feeling: An instinctive feeling, without any logical rationale.

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H

Haste makes waste: Hurrying can lead to mistakes. Have an axe to grind: To have a selfish motive or personal stake in a matter. Have your cake and eat it too: To want more than is reasonable or possible. Head over heels: Deeply in love. Hear it on the grapevine: To learn something informally and unofficially by means of gossip or rumor. Heart in the right place: To have good intentions, even if there are mistakes or imperfections in execution. Heavy heart: Feeling sadness or grief. Hell in a handbasket: Deteriorating and headed for complete disaster. High and dry: To leave someone unsupported and unable to maneuver. Hit below the belt: To act unfairly. Hit the nail on the head: To describe exactly what is causing a situation or problem. Hit the sack: To go to bed. Hitch your wagon to a star: To have ambitious plans or lofty goals. Hold the fort: To be in charge while someone is away. Hold your horses: To tell someone to wait or to slow down. Hold your tongue: To refrain from speaking. Honesty is the best policy: It's always better to be honest. Hot potato: A controversial issue or situation which is difficult to handle. House of cards: A structure or argument built on a shaky foundation or one that will collapse if a necessary element is removed. Hung out to dry: Left in a difficult or helpless position without support.

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I

Icing on the cake: An additional benefit or positive aspect of something that is already considered positive or beneficial. If it ain't broke, don't fix it: If something is working adequately well, there is no need to change or interfere with it. Ignorance is bliss: Not knowing something is often more comfortable than knowing. In for a penny, in for a pound: Once involved, fully committed to an endeavor. In hot water: In trouble; facing a difficult situation. In over your head: Involved in a situation that is too difficult to handle. In the bag: Assured of a result; virtually guaranteed. In the blink of an eye: Very quickly; in a short moment. In the dark: Uninformed or unaware. In the driver's seat: In control of a situation. In the heat of the moment: Acting under the pressure of the moment without considering the consequences. In the limelight: The center of attention. In the nick of time: Just in time; at the last possible moment. In the red: Operating at a loss or owing money. In the same boat: In the same difficult situation as others. In two minds: Unable to decide between two things. Iron out the wrinkles: To remove small problems or irregularities. It takes two to tango: Actions or communications need more than one person. It's a small world: You frequently see the same people in different places. It's raining cats and dogs: It's raining very heavily.

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J

Jack of all trades, master of none: Someone who can do many tasks but isn't expert in any. Jockey for position: To maneuver or compete for a favorable position. Jog someone's memory: To cause someone to remember something. Join the club: A response when someone has experienced the same thing as you. Jot it down: To write something quickly on paper. Judge a book by its cover: To form an opinion based on outward appearances. Juggle many hats: To manage or handle many roles or responsibilities. Jump at the chance: To quickly and eagerly accept the opportunity to do something. Jump on the bandwagon: To join others in doing something that is becoming popular. Jump out of one's skin: To be extremely startled. Jump the gun: To start something before it is permissible, appropriate, or advisable. Jump the shark: A term used to describe something that was once popular but has reached a point where it will now decline in quality and popularity. Jump through hoops: To go through many often difficult processes. Jury is still out: It is not yet clear or decided. Just a hop, skip, and a jump away: Very close by; just a short distance away. Just a stone's throw away: Very close; a short distance. Just drop it: A request to stop discussing a certain topic. Just in the nick of time: Just at the critical moment; barely in time. Just the ticket: Exactly what is needed. Just what the doctor ordered: Exactly what is needed or desired.

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K

Kangaroo court: An unofficial court that does not follow the established rules of law. Keep at bay: To prevent something or someone from coming too close or from attacking. Keep on truckin'': To keep going, persist. Keep one's cool: To remain calm under stress. Keep the ball rolling: Continue or sustain activity or progress. Keep up with the Joneses: To strive to match one's neighbors in spending and social standing. Keep your chin up: Stay positive and don't get discouraged. Keep your eyes peeled: Stay alert and watch carefully. Keep your nose clean: To stay out of trouble. Kick the bucket: A euphemism for dying. Kick the can down the road: To delay dealing with something in the hope that it will become someone else's problem. Kick up a fuss: Make a scene; create a big disturbance. Kill two birds with one stone: To accomplish two different tasks in a single action. King's ransom: A very large amount of money. Kiss and make up: To reconcile after a dispute. Knee-jerk reaction: An automatic or reflex reaction. Knock it off: Stop doing something annoying. Knock on wood: A phrase said in order to avoid bad luck, often while literally knocking on something wooden. Know the ropes: To be familiar with the details of an operation or task. Know which side one's bread is buttered on: Be aware of where one's advantage lies.

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L

Last but not least: An introduction for the last person or item, implying that they are no less important than what was previously mentioned. Laugh all the way to the bank: To profit handsomely, especially at the expense of others. Lead by example: To act in a way that shows others how to act. Leave no stone unturned: To do everything possible to achieve a good outcome. Lend me your ear: Listen to me. Let sleeping dogs lie: To avoid restarting a conflict. Let the cat out of the bag: To reveal a secret or a surprise by accident. Lick your wounds: To recover from a defeat or setback. Like a bull in a china shop: Behaving in a very clumsy, aggressive way. Like pulling teeth: Something very difficult and frustrating. Like shooting fish in a barrel: Very easy. Live and let live: Allow others to live their lives as they wish; don't interfere. Lock, stock, and barrel: Entirely, completely. Long in the tooth: Old, often used to describe animals or people. Look before you leap: Think carefully about what you are about to do before you do it. Look on the bright side: Be optimistic, even in difficulties. Loose cannon: Someone who is unpredictable and can cause damage if not kept in check. Lose your cool: To become angry or agitated. Love is blind: When you love someone, you cannot see their faults. Lower the boom: Enforce something strictly or reprimand sharply.

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M

Make a beeline for: To go straight toward something or someone. Make a mountain out of a molehill: To make a small problem seem much bigger than it actually is. Make ends meet: To manage one's finances so as to just barely cover expenses. Make hay while the sun shines: Take advantage of favorable conditions; do something while conditions are good. Make no bones about it: To state something clearly and directly. Many hands make light work: Many people working together make a task easier. Meet your maker: To die. Mend fences: To improve or repair a relationship that has been damaged. Method to the madness: An underlying purpose or reason in what appears to be crazy behavior. Milk it for all it's worth: To take full advantage of a situation. Mind your Ps and Qs: To be careful about what you say and how you behave. Miss the boat: To miss an opportunity. Money doesn't grow on trees: Money is not easily obtained and should be spent wisely. Monkey see, monkey do: People, especially children, will mimic what they see others doing. More bang for your buck: More value for your money. Muddy the waters: To make a situation more confusing or complicated. Mum's the word: Keep this a secret; don't tell anybody. Mum's the word: To keep the information confidential. Music to my ears: News or information that one is happy to hear. My way or the highway: An ultimatum where someone must either follow instructions or leave.

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N

Nail to the wall: To catch or expose someone in a wrongdoing. Nail your colors to the mast: To show one's intentions clearly and openly. Needle in a haystack: Something very hard or impossible to find. Nest egg: Savings set aside for future use. Never say die: Never give up. Nip it in the bud: To stop something at an early stage. No holds barred: Without any restrictions or rules. No ifs, ands, or buts: No excuses or exceptions. No news is good news: If you do not hear about a situation, it is likely that nothing bad has happened. No pain, no gain: You have to work hard for something you want. No stone unturned: With no effort spared in searching; very thorough. No time like the present: The best time to do something is now. Nose out of joint: To feel upset or annoyed. Not all it's cracked up to be: Not as good as people say. Not cut out for: Not suited for (a task). Not my circus, not my monkeys: Not my problem; I am not responsible for this. Not playing with a full deck: Not mentally sound; lacking intelligence or understanding. Not the sharpest tool in the shed: Not very intelligent or clever. Not worth a dime: Of no value. Nutty as a fruitcake: Very crazy.

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O

Off the beaten path: Not common or frequented by many people. Off the hook: No longer in difficulty or trouble. Off the record: Not to be made public. Old hat: Outdated. On cloud nine: Extremely happy or euphoric. On pins and needles: Anxious or nervous, especially in anticipation of something. On the ball: Doing a good job, being prompt, or being responsible. On the fence: Undecided. On the ropes: Close to defeat or failure. On the same page: Agreeing with someone; sharing the same viewpoint or beliefs. Once in a blue moon: Very rarely. One for the books: An unusual event worth recording. Open a can of worms: To create a new set of problems. Out in the cold: Excluded. Out of sight, out of mind: You do not think about people or things that are not visible or present. Out of the blue: Unexpectedly. Out of the woods: No longer in danger or difficulty. Out of your depth: In a situation that is too difficult to handle. Out on a limb: In a risky position or situation. Over the moon: Delighted, thrilled.

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P

Paddle your own canoe: To be independent and self-reliant. Paint the town red: To go out and enjoy oneself flamboyantly. Pass the buck: To shift responsibility (and often blame) to another person. Pay through the nose: To pay an excessive price for something. Penny for your thoughts: A way of asking someone what they are thinking about. Pie in the sky: Something that is unrealistic or that cannot be achieved. Piece of cake: Something that is easy to do. Play it by ear: To improvise; to respond to circumstances instead of following a plan. Play second fiddle: To take a subordinate role behind someone more important. Plead the fifth: To refuse to answer a question, especially in a legal context, to avoid incriminating oneself. Pull no punches: To be candid; not holding back in criticism or actions. Pull someone's leg: To joke or tease someone. Pull the wool over someone's eyes: To deceive; to hoodwink. Pull yourself together: To regain control of one’s emotions. Push the envelope: To attempt to extend the current limits of performance. To innovate, or go beyond commonly accepted boundaries. Put all your eggs in one basket: To risk everything on the success of one venture. Put that in your pipe and smoke it: Accept that fact, even if you don’t like it. Put the cart before the horse: To have things in the wrong order; to get ahead of oneself. Put your best foot forward: To act or appear at your best; to try to make a good impression. Put your nose to the grindstone: To work hard and diligently.

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Q

Quake in one's shoes: To be very frightened. Quaking in one's boots: Extremely scared. Quality over quantity: The superiority of something good over something more but of less quality. Quarantine your worries: To isolate or set aside one's worries. Quarrel over an empty sack: To argue about something that is worthless or not important. Quarrel with bread and butter: To complain about something that is fundamentally beneficial or necessary. Quash the rumors: To stop or suppress rumors. Queer the pitch: To spoil or disrupt someone's efforts. Quench one's thirst: To satisfy one's thirst with a drink. Question of time: Something that is inevitable or bound to happen. Queue up: To line up or wait in line. Quick as a flash: Very fast or instant. Quick on the uptake: Quick to understand or learn something. Quid pro quo: An exchange of goods or services, where one transfer is contingent upon the other. Quiet as a mouse: Extremely quiet or silent. Quilt of memories: A collection or amalgamation of memorable moments. Quip about trivial things: To make witty remarks about insignificant matters. Quit while you're ahead: To stop doing something while one is successful or winning. Quiver with fear: To shake or tremble from fear. Quote chapter and verse: To cite with precise details.

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R

Rack your brains: To think very hard or try to remember something. Raining cats and dogs: Raining very heavily. Rake over the coals: To scold, criticize, or punish someone severely. Rat race: A way of life in which people are caught up in a fiercely competitive struggle for wealth or power. Read between the lines: To understand the hidden meaning or intent. Rear its ugly head: When something bad appears or makes itself known. Reinvent the wheel: To waste time creating something that already exists. Rest on your laurels: To be satisfied with past successes and stop trying hard. Right as rain: Perfectly fine or functioning well. Ring a bell: To sound familiar; to cause someone to remember something or someone. Rise and shine: Wake up and get out of bed quickly. Rise to the occasion: To show that you can deal with a difficult situation successfully. Rock the boat: To cause trouble, especially when no trouble is necessary. Roll with the punches: To adapt to setbacks or difficulties. Rome wasn't built in a day: Important work takes time. Rub salt in the wound: To make someone's unhappiness, embarrassment, or misfortune worse. Ruffle feathers: To irritate or annoy people. Rule of thumb: A practical and approximate way of doing or measuring something. Run the gauntlet: To endure a series of troubles or difficulties. Run-of-the-mill: Ordinary, not special or exceptional.

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S

Save for a rainy day: To save money for a time when it might be needed unexpectedly. See eye to eye: To agree fully; to have the same opinion. Sell like hot cakes: To sell very quickly. Set the record straight: To correct a false story; to provide accurate information. Shake a leg: To hurry up. Shoot the breeze: To chat informally. Sink or swim: To fail or succeed entirely by one's own efforts. Sit on the fence: To delay making a decision. Six of one, half a dozen of the other: Two alternatives that are equivalent or indifferent. Sleep on it: To think about something overnight before making a decision. Smell a rat: To suspect foul play. Speak of the devil: When the person you have just been talking about arrives. Spill the beans: To reveal a secret. Start from scratch: To start from the beginning with nothing. Steal someone's thunder: To take the credit for something someone else did. Stick out like a sore thumb: To be conspicuously different. Stick to your guns: To maintain one's position firmly despite opposition. Straight from the horse's mouth: Information coming from the most reliable source. Strike while the iron is hot: To take action at the right moment. Sweep under the rug: To conceal or ignore a problem in order to make it temporarily disappear.

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T

Take it with a grain of salt: To view something with skepticism or not take it literally. Take the bull by the horns: To approach, confront, or deal with a problem directly. Take the cake: To be the most outrageous or egregious of its kind. Talk the hind legs off a donkey: To talk excessively. Taste of your own medicine: To experience the unpleasantness that you have inflicted on others. The apple doesn't fall far from the tree: Children usually turn out like their parents. The ball is in your court: It is up to you to make the next decision or step. The last straw: The final problem in a series of problems. The more the merrier: The more people or participants, the better the occasion will be. The pot calling the kettle black: Accusing someone of faults one also has. Through thick and thin: In all circumstances, no matter how difficult. Throw caution to the wind: To take a risk. Throw in the towel: To give up; to admit defeat. Throw someone under the bus: To betray someone for personal gain. Tighten your belt: To reduce your spending. Time flies when you're having fun: You don't notice how long something lasts when it's enjoyable. Tip of the iceberg: A small, visible part of a much larger, hidden situation. To each his own: People have different preferences or tastes. Turn over a new leaf: To start anew; to change one's behavior for the better. Twist someone's arm: To coerce someone into doing something.

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

U

Uncharted waters: Situations or areas no one has experienced or explored before. Under one's thumb: Under someone's control or influence. Under the gun: Under great pressure. Under the radar: Not detected or noticed. Under the table: Illegally or secretly, especially in terms of payments. Under the weather: Feeling ill or sick. Under your nose: Right in front of you; obvious. Unravel at the seams: To come apart; to fail. Until the bitter end: Continuing until the end, despite difficulties. Until the cows come home: For a very long time; indefinitely. Up and running: Fully operational. Up for grabs: Available for anyone; not yet claimed. Up in arms: Very angry; protesting vehemently. Up the ante: To increase what is at stake or the level of something, especially the risks. Up the creek without a paddle: In a difficult situation without any good options or means of escape. Up to speed: Fully informed or up to date. Up to the mark: Satisfactory; good enough. Uphill battle: A difficult struggle. Upset the apple cart: To spoil a plan or disturb the status quo. Use your loaf: To use your head or brain to think something through.

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

V

Vale of tears: The world considered as a scene of sadness or hardship. Value for money: Something well worth the money paid. Vanish into thin air: To disappear suddenly and completely. Vanquish your fears: To overcome your fears. Variety is the spice of life: Doing a lot of different things makes life more interesting. Vault over obstacles: To overcome obstacles or challenges easily. Veer off course: To suddenly change direction or path. Veil of secrecy: A situation where information is kept secret. Vent your spleen: To express anger or frustration. Venture a guess: To make a guess, usually educated based on the available information. Vested interests: Personal interests in an existing system, arrangement, or institution for particular personal reasons. Vice versa: With the order reversed; the other way around. Vicious circle: A complex, self-perpetuating cycle of events that worsens with each iteration. View through rose-colored glasses: To see something in an overly favorable way. Violate the sanctity: To desecrate or treat with disrespect something considered sacred. Vital part: An essential or very important part of something. Voice of reason: Someone who speaks sensibly during a time of confusion. Vote with your feet: To express one's dissatisfaction with something by leaving or not participating. Vouch for someone: To guarantee someone's integrity or reliability. Vying for attention: Competing to be noticed.

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

W

Walk on eggshells: To be extremely cautious about one's words or actions. Walk the talk: To do what one said one could do, or would do, not just making empty promises. Wash your hands of something: To refuse to have anything more to do with it. Water under the bridge: Things from the past that are not considered important or worth arguing about anymore. Wear your heart on your sleeve: To openly and freely express your emotions. Weather the storm: To survive a crisis. Wet behind the ears: Inexperienced and naive. When pigs fly: Something that will never happen. Whistle in the dark: To try to keep up one's courage in a scary situation. White elephant: A possession that is useless or troublesome, especially one that is expensive to maintain or difficult to dispose of. Whole nine yards: Everything possible or available. Wild goose chase: A foolish and hopeless pursuit of something unattainable. Wipe the slate clean: To forget all past mistakes or offenses, as if starting anew. With bells on: To arrive happily and eagerly. With flying colors: With great or total success. Without a shadow of a doubt: Absolutely certain. Wolf in sheep's clothing: A person who pretends to be nice but is not. Word of mouth: Information passed by verbal communication in an informal way. Work like a dog: To work very hard. Worth its weight in gold: Extremely valuable.

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

X

X marks the spot: Indicating an exact spot or location. X out: To cancel, eliminate, or make ineffective. X-axis: Horizontal axis in a graph. X-factor: A variable in a given situation that could have the most significant impact on the outcome. X-linked: A gene carried on the X chromosome. X-ray vision: The ability to see through solid objects, often used metaphorically to suggest clear insight into complex situations. Xanthoma: A skin condition in which certain fats build up under the surface of the skin. Xenial: Hospitable, especially to visiting strangers or foreigners. Xenocryst: A crystal in an igneous rock which is not derived from the original magma. Xenodochial: Friendly to strangers. Xenogenesis: The supposed generation of offspring completely and radically different from the parent(s). Xenon: A chemical element with symbol Xe and atomic number 54. Xenophile: An individual who is attracted to foreign peoples, cultures, or customs. Xenophobia: Fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers. Xenotransplantation: The transplantation of living cells, tissues, or organs from one species to another. Xerophyte: A plant adapted to an extremely dry environment. Xerosis: Abnormal dryness of the skin or mucous membranes. Xerox: To copy, often used generically despite being a brand name. Xylophone: A musical instrument played by striking a row of wooden bars of graduated length with one or more small wooden or plastic beaters. Xyst: A garden walk planted with trees.

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Y

Yank someone's chain: To tease someone. Yearn for the old days: To desire the way things used to be. Yell bloody murder: To shout loudly from pain or fright. Yellow journalism: Journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration. Yellow-bellied: Cowardly. Yield the floor: To give up one's turn to speak to another speaker. Yin and yang: Opposite or contrary forces that are actually complementary. Yoke around your neck: A burden or responsibility that is oppressive. Yoke together: To join or link together. Yonder: At some distance in the direction indicated; over there. You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink: You can give someone an opportunity, but you can't force them to take it. You can't judge a book by its cover: You cannot determine the quality or content of something just by looking at its exterior. You can't teach an old dog new tricks: It's hard to change someone's established behavior, especially later in life. You reap what you sow: You eventually have to face up to the consequences of your actions. You're barking up the wrong tree: You're mistaken or looking in the wrong place. You've got to crack a few eggs to make an omelette: It's necessary to destroy or harm something to accomplish something else. Young at heart: To be lively and youthful in spirit, regardless of age. Your guess is as good as mine: I don't know. Yours truly: A way of referring to oneself in a letter or email. Yuppie: A young city or suburban resident with a well-paid professional job and an affluent lifestyle.

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Z

Zany: Amusingly unconventional and idiosyncratic. Zebra crossing: A type of pedestrian crossing marked with broad white stripes where pedestrians have right of way. Zeitgeist: The defining spirit or mood of a particular period of history as shown by the ideas and beliefs of the time. Zenith: The time at which something is most powerful or successful. Zephyr: A gentle, mild breeze. Zero in on: To focus closely on something. Zero tolerance: A policy of applying the strictest enforcement of rules and penalties to all kinds of wrongdoing, without allowing flexibility by discretion. Zero-sum game: A situation in which whatever is gained by one side is lost by the other. Zest for life: A joyful and enthusiastic appreciation of life. Zig when you should zag: To make an error in judgment or take the wrong action. Zigzag: A line or course having sharp alternating turns. Zillion: A very large, indefinite number. Zip along: To move quickly. Zip your lip: To stop talking. Zipline: A cable suspended above an incline to which a pulley and harness are attached for a rider. Zodiac: A diagram used in astrology that represents the circle of the zodiacal constellations in twelve equal parts. Zombie: A fictional undead being created through the reanimation of a human corpse. Zone defense: A defensive tactic used in team sports where each player is responsible for defending an area rather than marking a specific opponent. Zone out: To lose concentration or become inattentive. Zoom in: To focus closer on something, especially a camera.

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