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aiMOOC

ABI LF - Technology and global power

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ABI LF - Technology and global power

Mini-description: Compare and connect sources on digital platforms, technology access, labour and the unequal effects of technological change. You will analyse how infrastructure, rules, data, work and supply chains distribute power — and practise the source-based skills expected in the Leistungsfach.

Target group: Englisch als fortgeführte Fremdsprache, Leistungsfach, Kursstufe Baden-Württemberg. English comes first. German support is a last step, not the default.

Einleitung

Technology can connect people, expand access to knowledge and create new forms of work. It can also concentrate decision-making power, make workers dependent on opaque systems, deepen existing inequalities and shift environmental or labour costs to other places.

In this aiMOOC, you do not learn a ready-made opinion. You compare evidence, identify perspective and limits, connect sources and develop your own evidence-based judgement.

Media rule: The course uses freely licensed Wikimedia Commons material and official or educational YouTube videos instead of reproducing complete compulsory texts or unlicensed film sequences. When you reuse media, open the file or video page and check the current licence and attribution information.

Media entry: Before reading, write three hypotheses in English: Who sets the rules? Who produces value? Who can leave the system easily?

Look again: Digital services may feel "cloud-based", but they depend on physical infrastructure. What kinds of power become visible when you look at cables rather than apps?

Think-pair-share: Complete the chain: device → network → data centre → platform → user. Where could dependence occur?

Visual prompt: Separate what you can observe from what you infer about automation, productivity, control and working conditions.

I-can goals

I can distinguish access, infrastructure, platform power, labour power and value capture.
I can compare sources by claim, evidence, purpose, perspective, date and limitation.
I can analyse non-fiction and multimodal material with precise textual or visual evidence.
I can connect several materials instead of discussing each source in isolation.
I can develop a nuanced argument with claim, evidence, reasoning, counterargument and qualification.
I can communicate complex ideas in discussion and in exam-style writing without relying on a model essay.
I can verify AI-generated claims and references before using them.

Prior knowledge: activate before you read

Complete the grid in English. Short phrases are enough.

Concept	What I already know	Example I can name	Question I still have
Digital platform
Digital divide
Automation
Supply chain
Regulation

English-first help ladder

Use support in this order. Do not jump directly to a German translation.

Step	What to do
1 Context	Read the sentence before and after the difficult word. Identify topic, contrast and examples.
2 Word formation	Look for prefix, root and suffix: unequal → equal → equality → inequality.
3 Visualisation	Sketch the relation, process or actor network.
4 English explanation	Paraphrase the word with simpler English.
5 Dictionary	Use a reliable monolingual dictionary first; check pronunciation, collocation and example use.
6 German help	Use a bilingual dictionary only if the meaning is still unclear.

Abi 2027: curriculum and exam alignment in Baden-Württemberg

Stand der Prüfungseinordnung: 03.10.2026. The currently published official documents for the 2027 Abitur place the Leistungsfach English in the broader framework of the Bildungsplan and the current Schwerpunktthemen.

For 2027, "On the Move: Migration and Cross-Cultural Encounters" is the official Schwerpunktthema. This aiMOOC does not replace that required focus. It supports the binding sociocultural field "Globalisierung als Chance und Herausforderung", including the world of work, global inequalities and current issues, and trains source-based non-fiction and media analysis.

Official references:

Leistungsfach focus: greater breadth, depth, text complexity and abstraction; differentiated evidence-based analysis; independent connection of several materials; and a stronger share of AFB II and AFB III.

If your examination year is not 2027, check the Facherlass for your own cohort before using the Abi-Check below.

Core input: Technology and global power

Power is more than ownership

Digital power can mean the capacity to set standards, control infrastructure, rank information, shape working conditions or capture economic value. A platform may become influential through network effects, access to data, computing infrastructure and control over the interface between different groups.

A strong analysis therefore asks: power over what, by whom, through which mechanism, with what evidence and with which limits?

Access is layered

Being "online" is not the same as having meaningful access. Access can depend on coverage, device quality, affordability, speed, reliability, skills, language, accessibility and relevant content.

The ITU Facts and Figures 2025 estimates that about 74% of the world population was online in 2025, while about 2.2 billion people remained offline. It also reports major income and urban-rural gaps.

Source check: This map is an older snapshot. Use it to practise visual interpretation, but do not treat it as the current 2025 situation. Compare its pattern with the newest ITU data.

Platforms can coordinate and control

Platforms connect users, workers, advertisers, sellers or service providers. Network effects can make a platform more useful as participation grows, but they can also make switching difficult. Ranking systems, access rules, fees, data collection and moderation policies can influence who becomes visible and who captures value.

UN Trade and Development, 2025 discusses increasing concentration in digital markets and the role of data, computing capacity and network effects. Treat this as an institutional analysis: identify its evidence, concepts and policy perspective rather than accepting every conclusion automatically.

Technology changes work unevenly

Automation can replace individual tasks, assist workers or reorganise whole workflows. Exposure is not the same as job loss. The effect depends on task composition, skills, bargaining power, regulation, business decisions and access to complementary technology.

Digital labour platforms can offer flexibility and access to income, but workers may also face algorithmic allocation, rating systems, surveillance, uncertain pay or limited possibilities to challenge decisions.

In June 2026, the International Labour Organization adopted Convention No. 193 on decent work in the platform economy, the first international labour standard dedicated specifically to the platform economy.

ILO: Digital labour platforms

Viewing focus: Which problems are presented as requiring international standards? Which actors are mentioned? Which important perspectives would you still want to hear?

Unequal effects reach beyond the screen

Technological change has material foundations: chips, data centres, electricity, minerals, logistics and waste. Benefits and costs may appear in different places and affect different groups.

Visual analysis: Describe first. Infer second. Then ask what additional evidence would be necessary before making a claim about an entire supply chain or country.

UN Trade and Development: Digital Economy Report 2024 links digitalisation to material and environmental pressures and stresses that benefits and costs are distributed unevenly.

Listening challenge: Reduce the report's argument to one claim, two supporting points and one limitation or open question.

Chips, compute and strategic dependence

Modern digital systems depend on specialised production steps. Semiconductor supply chains include design, fabrication, lithography, packaging, testing and equipment. Concentration at any critical stage can create dependencies.

Viewing task: Build a process diagram from the video. Mark where specialised knowledge, capital, materials and infrastructure are required. Do not turn the diagram into a geopolitical conclusion without additional evidence.

Source lab: compare before you judge

Use short excerpts, charts or summaries from the linked sources. Do not copy complete reports.

Source	Date	Main focus	What to test
A: ITU Facts and Figures	2025	Connectivity and digital access	Definition of access, indicators, regional and income gaps
B: UN Trade and Development	2025	Digital market concentration	Measures of concentration, causal claims, policy framing
C: ILO Digital Labour Platforms	current	Platform work and labour standards	Worker perspective, institutional purpose, missing firm perspective
D: ILO–World Bank	2026	Uneven effects of generative AI on jobs	Exposure versus outcome, country differences, assumptions
E: Digital Economy Report	2024	Environmental and material effects of digitalisation	Supply-chain boundaries, distribution of costs and benefits
F: World Bank Digital Progress and Trends	2025	AI foundations and global capability gaps	Connectivity, compute, skills, local context and investment

Core comparison question: To what extent does technological change redistribute power rather than simply create more of it?

Source comparison matrix

Source	Claim	Evidence	Purpose	Perspective	Limitation	Link to another source
A
B
C
D

Listening and Viewing

Viewing 1: Closing the Digital Divide

This World Bank video is from 2020. That makes it useful for a date-and-update task.

First viewing: Note the central problem and proposed response.
Second viewing: Identify three persuasive techniques in voice, image, statistics or sequencing.
Update task: Compare any numerical claim with ITU 2025 data. Label the old figure as historical rather than "wrong".
Evaluation: What does the video make visible, and what does it simplify?

Viewing 2: Platform work and decent work

Identify one opportunity and one risk described for platform workers.
Separate the experience of individual workers from claims about the platform economy as a whole.
Write one follow-up question for a worker, one for a platform company and one for a regulator.

Listening strategy for the Leistungsfach

Use a three-pass routine when practising independently:

Global meaning: What is the speaker's thesis and structure?
Evidence: Which examples, data or causal links support the thesis?
Evaluation: Which assumptions, omissions or interests matter for interpretation?

Do not attempt a full transcript unless specifically required. The exam skill is selective understanding under time pressure.

Reading

Choose two current institutional sources from the Source Lab and one contrasting source supplied by your teacher, for example a company statement, worker interview, newspaper analysis or NGO report.

Reading task: triangulate

Write one neutral 35–50 word summary of each source.
Highlight one claim that can be checked with data.
Identify one value judgement or policy preference.
Explain where two sources use different concepts or indicators for a similar issue.
Write a synthesis paragraph beginning with: Taken together, the sources suggest ..., but they differ in ...

Reading task: distinguish evidence levels

Level	Example question
Observation	What does the chart, sentence or image directly show?
Inference	What interpretation follows reasonably from the evidence?
Causal claim	What evidence would show that X actually caused Y?
Generalisation	Does the source justify extending the claim to other groups, countries or years?
Evaluation	Which criteria make the effect beneficial, harmful, fair or unfair?

Context vocabulary and word formation

Learn word families and collocations, not isolated translations.

Base	Word family	English explanation	Useful collocation
access	access – accessible – accessibility – inaccessible	the possibility of reaching or using something	affordable access
equal	equal – unequal – equality – inequality	having the same status or a difference in distribution	structural inequality
digit	digital – digitalise – digitalisation	relating to information processed electronically	digital infrastructure
automate	automate – automated – automation	use technology to perform tasks with less direct human action	task automation
regulate	regulate – regulation – regulatory – regulator	create and enforce rules for an activity	regulatory framework
concentrate	concentrate – concentration – concentrated	gather power, ownership or activity in a small number of actors or places	market concentration
distribute	distribute – distribution – distributive	spread resources, costs or benefits among actors	unequal distribution
govern	govern – governance – governing	shape rules, decisions and accountability	platform governance
exploit	exploit – exploitation – exploitative	use a resource or person, sometimes unfairly	labour exploitation
depend	depend – dependence – dependency – interdependent	rely on another actor, resource or system	strategic dependency

Collocations for analysis

Less precise	More precise
technology is powerful	technology redistributes decision-making power
companies control everything	a small number of firms may control key interfaces or infrastructure
AI destroys jobs	AI may automate or transform specific tasks
people have no access	meaningful access is constrained by cost, infrastructure or skills
the source proves	the source indicates, supports, suggests or claims

German emergency help

Use only after the English-first help ladder.

English	German support
digital divide	digitale Kluft
bargaining power	Verhandlungsmacht
supply chain	Lieferkette
accountability	Rechenschaftspflicht
value capture	Abschöpfung bzw. Bindung wirtschaftlichen Werts
meaningful access	tatsächlich nutzbarer, sinnvoller Zugang

Visualisation with fictional data

Important: The following dataset is fictional. It is designed only for practising analysis. It is not evidence about real countries or regions.

Fictional region	Meaningful digital access	Workers using platform income	Tasks with high automation exposure	Local value capture
Northport	high	low	high	high
Midland	medium	medium	high	medium
Coastland	medium	high	medium	low
Highlands	low	medium	low	low

Draw a causal map with at least two possible explanations for each pattern.
Mark every arrow as hypothesis, not fact.
Add one variable that the table does not contain.
Explain why the table cannot prove that platform work causes low local value capture.

Analysis toolkit

The SCERL chain

Step	Guiding question	Useful language
Source	Who created this material, when and for what context?	The source was published by ... in ...
Claim	What exactly is being asserted?	The author argues that ...
Evidence	What data, example, wording or visual element supports it?	This is supported by ...
Reasoning	How does the evidence support the claim?	This matters because ...
Limitation	What remains uncertain, missing or context-dependent?	However, the evidence does not establish ...

Multimodal analysis

For charts, photographs, maps and video, analyse both content and construction.

Selection: What is included and excluded?
Scale: Which time period, geography and population are shown?
Framing: Which visual choices guide attention?
Evidence status: Is the image illustrative, documentary, statistical or persuasive?
Connection: Does the visual confirm, complicate or challenge the written claim?

Operator check

Before writing, underline the operator and translate it into an action.

Operator type	Your action
outline / summarise	reproduce relevant content concisely without detailed evaluation
analyse	explain how evidence, structure, language or visual form creates meaning
compare	identify relevant similarities and differences using common criteria
assess / evaluate	apply explicit criteria and reach a differentiated judgement
discuss	examine competing arguments and develop a reasoned position
comment	develop a focused personal argument supported by evidence

Check the current official IQB operator list for your examination year.

Speaking

60-second source synthesis

Use one visual and one written source.

State the shared issue in one sentence.
Give one important difference in evidence or perspective.
Explain one connection.
End with one open question.

Challenge: Speak without notes except for five keywords.

Discussion: four actor perspectives

Roles: platform company, worker representative, public regulator, small business using the platform.

Prompt: Which rules are necessary when a digital platform becomes essential infrastructure for work or trade?

Do not "win" the debate. Your task is to represent evidence, recognise trade-offs and respond to another speaker's point.

Useful moves:

Clarifying: Do you mean that ...?
Building: I agree with your point about ..., and I would add ...
Challenging: That conclusion depends on the assumption that ...
Qualifying: This may be true for ..., but not necessarily for ...
Synthesising: Both positions identify ..., yet they differ on ...

Writing

Exam-style analytical paragraph

Write 180–220 words answering:

How does one source construct the idea of technological power?

Requirements:

A precise analytical claim
Two pieces of source evidence
Explanation of linguistic, structural or visual choices
One limitation of your interpretation
No invented quotation

Material-based synthesis

Write 350–450 words:

To what extent does digitalisation reduce existing inequalities while creating new dependencies?

Use at least three materials from the course. Do not organise the text "Source A, then Source B, then Source C". Organise by argument and connect materials within paragraphs.

Possible structure:

Access and participation
Platforms and market power
Labour and algorithmic management
Supply chains and environmental costs
Qualified conclusion

Genre practice

Choose one target genre and use evidence appropriately:

article
blog entry
email
letter
letter to the editor
speech manuscript

The genre changes audience, register and structure — not the obligation to reason accurately.

Mediation

Mediation is not word-for-word translation. Select information for a specific addressee and purpose.

Scenario: A German school newspaper has published a short German-language infographic about unequal digital access. An English-speaking partner school asks what the most important findings mean for students.

Select only the relevant information.
Explain culture-specific terms if necessary.
Keep the register appropriate for students.
Do not add facts that are not in the source.
Mark uncertainty if the German source is ambiguous.

Assessment note: Under the current 2027 rules, language mediation is an assessed competence in the course. Do not confuse that course assessment with the structure of the written Abitur paper itself.

Differentiation

Route	Language	Material	Analysis	Support
Support	shorter sentences and prepared vocabulary	one main source plus one visual	claim + evidence + explanation	sentence starters and SCERL table
Core	authentic source language with selective support	two to three sources	comparison + limitation	operator checklist
Challenge	dense institutional or journalistic prose	three to four contrasting sources	causal reasoning + counterevidence + synthesis	minimal prompts

Tempo: Pause videos, use subtitles only when useful, and reduce playback speed if needed. Stronger learners should repeat a section without subtitles and reconstruct the argument from notes.

Feedback and error analysis

Mini-rubric

Dimension	1 Developing	2 Secure	3 Advanced
Evidence	mainly general statements	relevant evidence is used	evidence is selected, weighed and connected
Analysis	description dominates	form and meaning are linked	mechanisms, limits and alternatives are analysed
Source comparison	sources remain separate	similarities and differences are clear	sources are synthesised by shared criteria
Language	meaning is sometimes unclear	mostly precise and coherent	flexible, accurate and appropriately nuanced
Independence	model phrases dominate	argument is mostly self-directed	structure and reasoning are independently developed

Error log

After feedback, classify only the errors that affect your next performance.

My example	Error type	Correction	Rule or strategy	New sentence
	tense / syntax / word choice / register / evidence / logic

Feedback rule: Do not rewrite the whole text immediately. First explain the pattern behind two or three recurring errors, then revise one paragraph strategically.

AI and source integrity

AI may support learning only if your course rules permit it. It must not replace your own analysis or exam writing.

Verify that every cited source actually exists.
Check author or institution, publication date and the exact claim supported.
Open the original source instead of citing an AI-generated summary.
Distinguish quotation, paraphrase, inference and your own judgement.
Do not invent page numbers, statistics or quotations.
If AI use must be declared, state what tool was used and for which limited step.
Never submit an AI-generated replacement essay as your own analytical performance.

Fast verification test: Can you point to the exact original passage, chart or data table that supports your sentence? If not, the sentence is not ready to cite.

Privacy and safe production

Use fictional data for classroom simulations unless your teacher provides approved real data.
Audio or video recording is voluntary and may remain private on the learner's own device.
Do not upload recordings, photos or personal data unless this has been explicitly agreed.
Do not send course material to external AI services automatically or without informed permission.
When interviewing people, obtain consent and avoid collecting unnecessary personal information.

Transfer

Apply the same framework to a new case such as app stores, cloud services, generative AI, semiconductor production, online marketplaces or content moderation.

Ask:

Who controls the interface or infrastructure?
What creates dependence or switching costs?
Who benefits economically?
Who bears labour, environmental or social costs?
Which groups have meaningful access?
What evidence could falsify your first interpretation?

Abi-Check

Written examination

For the currently published 2027 Leistungsfach rules, the written Abitur includes a listening component and a writing component. The writing tasks require selective summary, analysis based on evidence and independent text production. The exact structure, permitted aids and timing must be checked in the current Facherlass for your cohort.

Self-check before submission:

Did I answer the operator rather than only the topic?
Did I use precise evidence rather than general knowledge?
Did I analyse how meaning is created?
Did I connect materials instead of placing summaries side by side?
Did I distinguish evidence from inference?
Did I qualify causal or global claims?
Did I leave time to check language and task fulfilment?

Communication examination

The communication examination is a separate oral examination component with its own assessment criteria. Prepare for both sustained speaking and interaction.

Oral self-check:

Can I develop an idea beyond one sentence?
Can I refer to material accurately without reading a script?
Can I respond directly to another speaker?
Can I clarify, challenge, qualify and synthesise?
Can I recover when I do not know one word?

Leistungsfach AFB II and III challenge

Do not stop at What does the source say? Move to:

How is the argument constructed?
Why might this evidence matter?
How far can the conclusion be generalised?
Which competing explanation fits the evidence?
How do several materials change your judgement?

Follow-up course

Continue with ABI LF - Technology, democracy and regulation.

Transfer question: When does technical infrastructure become public-interest infrastructure, and which criteria should govern accountability?

Interaktive Aufgaben

Quiz: Teste Dein Wissen

Which concept best explains why a platform may become more useful as more participants join? (Network effects) (!Digital literacy) (!Task exposure) (!Bilingual mediation)

What is the strongest description of meaningful digital access? (Access that also includes affordability skills reliability and relevance) (!Any mobile signal in a region) (!Owning one digital device) (!Having a social media account)

What does automation exposure mean most accurately? (Some tasks in a job may be affected by automation) (!The job will certainly disappear) (!The worker will certainly earn more) (!The employer must use artificial intelligence)

What is algorithmic management? (The use of automated systems to allocate monitor or evaluate work) (!A method for translating literary texts) (!A type of submarine cable) (!A system for producing computer chips)

Which source feature is most important when checking a current access statistic? (The date and definition of the indicator) (!The length of the website title) (!The number of images on the page) (!The colour of the chart)

What is a strong source comparison based on? (Common criteria such as claim evidence purpose and limitation) (!Counting which source is longest) (!Choosing the source with the most technical terms) (!Summarising each source without connecting them)

Why can semiconductor supply chains create dependencies? (Some specialised production stages are difficult to replace quickly) (!Every chip is produced by one company) (!All digital services use identical hardware) (!Semiconductors eliminate the need for infrastructure)

What belongs between evidence and conclusion in analytical writing? (Reasoning that explains how the evidence supports the claim) (!A second title) (!A dictionary definition of every word) (!An unrelated personal example)

What is the main goal of mediation? (Convey relevant meaning for a specific audience and purpose) (!Translate every word in the same order) (!Add information that is missing from the source) (!Replace the original source with a personal opinion)

What should you do with an AI-generated factual claim before using it? (Check it against the original reliable source) (!Assume that precise wording means it is correct) (!Cite the chatbot instead of the original source) (!Use it without checking if it supports your argument)

Memory

Network effect	A service becomes more valuable as participation increases
Interoperability	Different systems can work together
Algorithmic management	Automated allocation monitoring or evaluation of work
Digital divide	Unequal opportunities for meaningful digital participation
Gatekeeper	An actor controlling access between groups or markets
Value capture	The process by which an actor retains economic benefit

Drag and Drop

Ordne die richtigen Begriffe zu.	Mechanism of influence
Platform	Ranking and access rules
Worker	Labour and professional knowledge
Regulator	Legal standards and enforcement
Standards body	Technical norms and interoperability
User	Attention data and switching decisions

Kreuzworträtsel

Gatekeeper	What word describes an actor that controls access between groups or markets?
Bandwidth	What word describes the capacity of a data connection?
Automation	What word describes using technology to perform tasks with less direct human action?
Algorithm	What word describes a defined computational procedure used to process information?
Lithography	What production process is central to patterning structures on semiconductor wafers?
Inequality	What word describes an unequal distribution of resources opportunities or outcomes?

LearningApps

Lückentext

Digital power includes the capacity to set

and control access.

Meaningful digital participation depends on more than simple network

.

A platform may become more influential through strong network

.

Automation can transform individual

without eliminating an entire job.

A strong analysis distinguishes direct evidence from an

.

Source comparison becomes stronger when materials are judged by common

.

Mediation selects relevant information for a specific

.

AI-generated references should be checked against the

source.

Offene Aufgaben

Leicht

Visual evidence: Choose one Wikimedia Commons image from the course. Write five observation sentences and three clearly labelled inference sentences.
Source date check: Compare the 2020 digital-divide video with ITU 2025. Identify one claim that needs updating and explain why publication date matters.
Word family map: Build a one-page word-family map for regulate, equal, access and depend. Add one authentic collocation for each family.
One-minute synthesis: Give a 60-second oral explanation of one power mechanism. Recording is optional and may remain private.

Standard

Source comparison: Compare one ITU source with one UNCTAD or ILO source using claim, evidence, purpose, perspective and limitation.
Fictional data visualisation: Turn the fictional class dataset into a chart. Add a caption that explicitly states that the data are invented and cannot support real-world generalisations.
Mediation task: Mediate a short German infographic on digital access for an English-speaking school partner. Select rather than translate.
Actor roundtable: Prepare arguments for two different actors in a platform-economy discussion and formulate one point of possible compromise.

Schwer

Triangulation: Combine three current sources from different institutions. Identify one conclusion supported by all three and one issue on which their evidence or framing differs.
Causal reasoning: Develop two competing explanations for why technological change may widen inequality. State what evidence would distinguish the explanations.
Policy scenario: Design three alternative rules for a hypothetical dominant digital platform. Analyse intended effects, trade-offs and possible unintended consequences without declaring one option universally best.
Oral material synthesis: Prepare a five-minute source-based oral response that links access, labour and infrastructure and includes one counterargument and one limitation.

Lernkontrolle

Materialverknüpfung: Connect one access source, one labour source and one infrastructure source in a single causal map. Explain which arrows are strongly evidenced and which are only hypotheses.
Gegenhypothese: Take the claim "digital platforms always increase inequality". Formulate a plausible counterhypothesis and identify the evidence required to test both claims.
Transfer auf einen neuen Fall: Apply the course framework to a digital service not used in the course. Analyse gatekeeping, switching costs, labour and value capture.
Quellenkritik: Evaluate two sources that disagree. Explain whether the disagreement comes from data, definitions, time period, values or causal interpretation.
AFB III synthesis: Discuss the statement "access to technology is a necessary but insufficient condition for equal participation". Use at least three distinct mechanisms.
Kommunikationsprüfung: In a paired discussion, respond to a new visual prompt, build on the other speaker's contribution and end with a synthesis rather than a repeated personal position.

Lernnachweis

For a successful Lernnachweis, you should be able to:

explain several mechanisms of technological power precisely;
distinguish connectivity from meaningful digital access;
analyse how platforms shape visibility, rules, work and value capture;
explain why technological effects differ by task, group, place and infrastructure;
compare current sources by claim, evidence, perspective, date and limitation;
analyse photographs, maps, charts and video without confusing observation and inference;
connect at least three materials in one argument;
use relevant contextual vocabulary and accurate analytical language;
produce an independent evidence-based written response;
contribute to an oral discussion through clarification, challenge, qualification and synthesis;
mediate selectively for audience and purpose;
verify quotations, statistics and AI-assisted references against original sources.

OERs zum Thema

Further open and institutional sources:

Verknüpfte Lernbereiche

Technology and global power

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